047 Silver
047 Silver
045 Rhodium046 Palladium047 Silver048 Cadmium049 IndiumBlankBlankBlankBlankBlankBlankBlankBlankBlankBlankBlankBlank029 Copper047 Silver079 Gold111 111
Silver has been known since antiquity and has always been considered a precious metal, even though it is dirt cheap in comparison to, say, gold. The price fluctuates daily, but it's not uncommon for silver to be 75 times cheaper than gold at any given moment.

Silver also tarnishes in air, which sets it apart from the other noble metals, which are generally impervious to anything other than concentrated acid mixtures. Aside from its ubiquitous use in jewelry, silver is also fundamental to photographic film, and it has the highest electrical conductivity of any metal at room temperature.
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047.1
SoundOne ounce silver rounds.
Purchased in Richmond, CA early 1990s for use in castings. Dan Lewis, a coin dealer, tells me that these are called "silver rounds" because they are round but are not actually coins issued by any government. He reports they are the part of the numismatic world known as exonumia.

I've cast a dozen or so little things out of silver over the years. It's not as expensive as you might think. See zinc for a long story about metal casting.

Source: Coin Shop in California
Contributor: Theodore Gray
Acquired: 15 April, 2002
Price: $5/ounce
Size: 1.5"
Purity: 99.9%
047.2
Turnings, 99.998%.
Kindly donated by David Franco, who sent many elements after seeing the slashdot discussion, and this one after I sent him some Mathematica t-shirts. My coins are bigger, but his turnings are more pure.
Source: David Franco
Contributor: David Franco
Acquired: 11 June, 2002
Price: Donated
Size: 0.2"
Purity: 99.998%
047.3
Sassanian Dirham of Chosroes II.
This certainly takes the prize for oldest sample: 1400 years. Dan Lewis, a coin dealer (click on source link below for contact information), sent it for free (!) because it's broken and he thought it would make a good silver sample, which it certainly does. It's quite brittle, which indicates it's not terribly pure. In fact, analysis by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy at the Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of Illinois (partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under grant DEFG02-91-ER45439) indicates that it's 93.5% silver, 6.5% copper, but let's see you do any better 1400 years ago!

I asked Dan how much he though this coin would have been worth when it was minted. He said he could only guess that because of its size and silver content it was probably fairly valuable, certainly more than a week's wages. So maybe someone bought a horse with it one time, or used a handful to buy a Roman as a slave. Given how long it was probably in circulation, it's no doubt been used to buy a lot of things by a lot of people. History is funny that way, especially when you're holding it in your hand.

Dan sent the following interesting history of this type of coin:
From Ardashir I in 211 A.D. to Yazdegerd III (632-651 A.D.) a series of 42 Sassanian kings ruled over Persia. The Sassanians were ardent devotees of the Zoroastrian doctrine. This fire cult was vigorously disseminated throughout the empire.

In the early period they were the most persistent and successful foe of the Romans. In 260 A.D. the Roman emperor Valerian, while marching through Mesopotamia, was captured and spent the rest of his life as a captive. A century later, in 363 A.D. the Roman emperor Julian II (The Apostate) died from wounds suffered fighting the Sassanians in their capital city of Ctesiphon, near Baghdad. His successor, Jovian, found his situation so perilous that he could only extricate himself and his army by a humiliating peace which ceded many possessions along the Tigres, the great fortress at Nisibis and a Roman pledge to abandon Armenia.

One of the last Sassanian kings, Chosroes II (590-628 A.D.) appears on the obverse of this coin. When his friend and ally the Byzantine Emperor Maurice was assassinated in 602, Chosroes II embarked on an initially successful, protracted campaign of revenge against the Romans. In 614 he invaded and sacked Jerusalem and carried off the remains of the Holy Cross to Ctesiphon. Chosroes fortunes changed when the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius retook lost territories from the Persians and finally in 627 returned the Cross to Jerusalem. This event was well received by Christians who celebrate the event at the annual feast of the Exaltation of the Cross.

Chosroes weakness led to the defeat of the Persians by the Byzantines. During the ensuing revolution Chosroes was deposed and murdered by his son Kavadh II in 628. One hundred years of nearly constant war with the Byzantines and Chosroes incompetence left the Sassanian Empire crippled and vulnerable to their demise at the hands of the emerging Islamic Arabs.

This coin is an example of late 6th and early 7th century Persian craftsmanship during the zenith of the Sassanian Empire. That empire emerged over a ten year period beginning in circa 224 A.D. when King Ardashir I expanded his local fiefdom in Iran to include all of Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan, and much of the remainder of central Asia. He introduced a new coinage with his own crowned portrait on the obverse, his throne and a Zoroastrian fire altar on the reverse and inscriptions in the Pahlavi language. Although the portraits and styles would change with each succeeding reign, the basic design would remain for 450 years. The most significant image change was made by Ardashir's son, Shapur I (241-270 A.D.) when the throne was eliminated and the altar was flanked by two holy figures. Later, mintmarks and regnal dates would appear. Some of the royal crowns that are pictured were reputed to be so heavy with gold and jewels that the wearer had to have them suspended from the ceiling above the throne by chains in order to wear them.

Source: Dan Lewis
Contributor: Dan Lewis
Acquired: 18 June, 2002
Price: Donated
Size: 1"
Purity: 93.5%
047.4
Precipitated crystalline silver.
This is pure silver that was precipitated out of solution in the form of crystals.
I received this sample when Tryggvi and Timothy came to my sodium party.
Source: Tryggvi Emilsson and Timothy Brumleve
Contributor: Tryggvi Emilsson and Timothy Brumleve
Acquired: 21 September, 2002
Price: Donated
Size: 0.5"
Purity: 99.9%
047.5
Spark plug.
According to this interesting article about different elements in spark plugs these ACDelco spark plugs use a silver-nickel alloy for the ground electrodes, along with a platinum center electrode. Autolite make a different plug that uses a chromium-nickel alloy instead.
Source: Auto Parts Store
Contributor: Theodore Gray
Acquired: 10 January, 2003
Price: $5
Size: 3"
Purity: <50%
047.6
3DCool snake bracelet.
I bought this bracelet in a flea market in London some time in the early 1980's, when I was there near the end of high school I believe. I don't have to tell you how incredibly cool I looked with it on, do I?
Source: Flea Market in London
Contributor: Theodore Gray
Acquired: 10 January, 2003
Price: $10
Size: 3"
Purity: >90%
047.7
Sample from the Red Green and Blue Company Element Set.
The Red Green and Blue company in England sells a very nice element collection in several versions. Max Whitby, the director of the company, very kindly donated a complete set to the periodic table table.

To learn more about the set you can visit my page about element collecting for a general description or the company's website which includes many photographs and pricing details. I have two photographs of each sample from the set: One taken by me and one from the company. You can see photographs of all the samples displayed in a periodic table format: my pictures or their pictures. Or you can see both side-by-side with bigger pictures in numerical order.

The picture on the left was taken by me. Here is the company's version (there is some variation between sets, so the pictures sometimes show different variations of the samples):


Source: Max Whitby of The Red Green & Blue Company
Contributor: Max Whitby of The Red Green & Blue Company
Acquired: 25 January, 2003
Price: Donated
Size: 0.2"
Purity: 99.9%
047.8
Sample from the Everest Element Set.
Up until the early 1990's a company in Russia sold a periodic table collection with element samples. At some point their American distributor sold off the remaining stock to a man who is now selling them on eBay. The samples (excepted gasses) weight about 0.25 grams each, and the whole set comes in a very nice wooden box with a printed periodic table in the lid.

To learn more about the set you can visit my page about element collecting for a general description and information about how to buy one, or you can see photographs of all the samples from the set displayed on my website in a periodic table layout or with bigger pictures in numerical order.

Source: Rob Accurso
Contributor: Rob Accurso
Acquired: 7 February, 2003
Price: Donated
Size: 0.2"
Purity: >99%
047.x1
Native silver. (External Sample)
Natural silver nugget.
Location: The Harvard Museum of Natural History
Photographed: 2 October, 2002
Size: 16
Purity: >90%
047.x2
Native silver. (External Sample)
Natural silver nugget.
Location: The Harvard Museum of Natural History
Photographed: 2 October, 2002
Size: 20
Purity: >90%
047.x3
Native silver. (External Sample)
Natural silver nugget.
Location: The Harvard Museum of Natural History
Photographed: 2 October, 2002
Size: 3
Purity: >90%